Forest & Wildlife Research Center Publications and Scholarship
Abstract
Genetic improvement and hybridization in the Populus genus have led to the development of genotypes exhibiting fast growth, high rooting ability and disease resistance. However, while large biomass production is important for bioenergy crops, efficient use of resources including water is also important in sites lacking irrigation and for maintaining ecosystem water availability. In addition, comparison of water use strategies across a range of growth rates and genetic variability can elucidate whether certain strategies are shared among the fastest growing and/or most water use efficient genotypes. We estimated tree water use throughout the second growing season via sapflow sensors of 48 genotypes from five Populus taxa; P. deltoides W. Bartram ex Marshall × P. deltoides (D×D), P. deltoides × P. maximowiczii A. Henry (D×M), P. deltoides × P. nigra L. (D×N), P. deltoides × P. trichocarpa Torr. & Gray (D×T) and P. trichocarpa × P. deltoides (T×D) and calculated average canopy stomatal conductance (GS). We regressed GS and atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD) wherein the slope of the relationship represents stomatal sensitivity to VPD. At the end of the second growing season, trees were harvested, and their dry woody biomass was used to calculate whole tree water use efficiency (WUET). We found that D×D and D×M genotypes exhibited differing water use strategies with D×D genotypes exhibiting high stomatal sensitivity while retaining leaves while D×M genotypes lost leaf area throughout the growing season but exhibited low stomatal sensitivity. Across measured taxa, biomass growth was positively correlated with WUET, and genotypes representing each measured taxa except D×N and T×D had high two-year dry biomass of above 6 kg/tree. Overall, these data can be used to select Populus genotypes that combine high biomass growth with stomatal sensitivity and WUET to limit the negative impacts of bioenergy plantations on ecosystem water resources.
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.13014
Publication Date
2022
College
College of Forest Resources
Department
Department of Forestry
Keywords
poplar; eastern cottonwood; short rotation woody crops (SRWCs); bioenergy; biofuel; sapflow; productivity
Recommended Citation
Renninger HJ, Pitts JJ and RJ Rousseau. 2022. Comparisons of biomass, water use efficiency and water use strategies across five genomic groups of Populus and its hybrids. Global Change Biology Bioenergy. DOI: 10.1111/gcbb.13014