Theses and Dissertations

Issuing Body

Mississippi State University

Advisor

Cheng, Yang

Committee Member

Kim, Donghoon

Committee Member

Koenig, Keith

Committee Member

Lv, Yu

Committee Member

Thompson, David S.

Other Advisors or Committee Members

Keith, Jason M.

Date of Degree

8-9-2019

Document Type

Dissertation - Open Access

Major

Aerospace Engineering

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy

College

James Worth Bagley College of Engineering

Department

Department of Aerospace Engineering

Abstract

Automatic detection of space objects in optical images is important to close proximity operations, relative navigation, and situational awareness. To better protect space assets, it is very important not only to know where a space object is, but also what the object is. In this dissertation, a method for detecting multiple 1U, 2U, 3U, and 6U CubeSats based on the faster region-based convolutional neural network (Faster R-CNN) is described. CubeSats detection models are developed using Web-searched and computer-aided design images. In addition, a two-step method is presented for detecting a rotating CubeSat in close proximity from a sequence of images without the use of intrinsic or external camera parameters. First, a Faster R-CNN trained on synthetic images of 1U, 2U, 3U, and 6U CubeSats locates the CubeSat in each image and assigns a weight to each CubeSat class. Then, these classification results are combined using Dempster's rule. The method is tested on simulated scenarios where the rotating 3U and 6U CubeSats are in unfavorable views or in dark environments. Faster R-CNN detection results contain useful information for tracking, navigation, pose estimation, and simultaneous localization and mapping. A coarse single-point attitude estimation method is proposed utilizing the centroids of the bounding boxes surrounding the CubeSats in the image. The centroids define the line-of-sight (LOS) vectors to the detected CubeSats in the camera frame, and the LOS vectors in the reference frame are assumed to be obtained from global positioning system (GPS). The three-axis attitude is determined from the vector observations by solving Wahba's problem. The attitude estimation concept is tested on simulated scenarios using Autodesk Maya.

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11668/14533

Download

Share

COinS