Theses and Dissertations

ORCID

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1760-2839

Issuing Body

Mississippi State University

Advisor

Tseng, Te-Ming (Paul)

Committee Member

Broderick, Shaun R.

Committee Member

Bararpour , Taghi

Committee Member

Riechers, Dean E.

Date of Degree

12-8-2023

Original embargo terms

Immediate Worldwide Access

Document Type

Graduate Thesis - Open Access

Major

Plant and Soil Sciences (Weed Science)

Degree Name

Master of Science (M.S.)

College

College of Agriculture and Life Sciences

Department

Department of Plant and Soil Sciences

Abstract

Safeners protect crops by enhancing their ability to metabolize various compounds, including herbicides. They primarily work by increasing the crop's tolerance to herbicide damage, activating herbicide-metabolizing proteins, and aiding in their detoxification. This study aimed to investigate the chemical effects of safeners in tomato cultivation and focus on injury reduction and tissue protection. The experiment followed a randomized factorial design (5x4) with four replications repeated twice. We evaluated the effects of herbicides (dicamba, 2,4-D, metribuzin, and sulfentrazone at 1/100) and safeners (benoxacor, fenclorim, melatonin, 2,4,6-T, and an untreated control). Safeners were applied to the seeds before sowing, and herbicides were used as a foliar spray 25 days after sowing (DAS). Visual injury was evaluated 7, 14, and 21 days after application (DAA). Biomass measurements were taken 21 DAA. Results showed that preconditioning tomato seeds with 2,4,6-T, melatonin, and fenclorim 7 DAA significantly decreased injury by 25, 25, and 23%, respectively. Moreover, applying melatonin, benoxacor, and 2,4,6-T 21 DAA led to significantly greater dry biomass, which increased by 1.5, 1.42, and 1.44 times, respectively, compared to the control. This research provides valuable insights into the chemical effects of benoxacor, fenclorim, 2,4,6-T, and melatonin safeners in tomato cultivation. The findings demonstrate the potential for preconditional tomato plants with 2,4,6-T, melatonin, and fenclorim to reduce injury while applying melatonin, benoxacor, and 2,4,6-T can increase dry biomass. Understanding plant defense mechanisms and the protective effects of safeners against herbicide damage contributes to developing effective weed management strategies.

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