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  Election in Baltimore, November 1862 (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  The image shows Federal troops facilitating an election. The troops are shown encouraging lower-class voters, while intimidating those of the more respectable class. Many Union sympathizers within the crowd hold signs, and Baltimore's George Washington Monument may be seen in the background.

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  Enlistment of Sickles' Brigade (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  The image satirically depicts the Sickle's Brigade, a disreputable group of men who were (allegedly) recruited for the Excelsior brigade by Colonel Daniel Sickles. A crowd of men stand in a street holding signs or weapons.

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  Formation of Guerrilla Bands (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  The etching depicts a farmer, his wife, and child outside of their home that has been destroyed by Union forces. An angry man stands at the center of the image and attempts to persuade the farmer to join the guerrilla band (pictured in the background) to seek out revenge on the offenders. The band in the background carry a banner.

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  Free Negroes in Hayti (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  The etching attempts to capture Volck's belief that Haitian people of African-decent were predisposed to an inherent violent nature. The scene depicts a ritual where an infant is sacrificed on a rock. Its head appears on a spear as a drum and tambourine are played. In the back ground, men and women are eating. One man appears to be eating a human arm.

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  Free Negroes in the North (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  The etching captures Volck's stance on the North's hypocrisy toward the treatment of black individuals. The scene takes place on Lovely Lane outside of a building where dancing and fighting takes place. The etching also depicts a well-dressed man assumed to be Henry Ward Beecher (a pastor and abolitionist) who denies help to a beggar in the streets. Instead, he hands the beggar a religious tract. Also pictured are two black men who are grave robbers. A wealthy-looking white man pays them for a corpse.

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  Gen'l Stuart's Raid to the White House (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  The etching depicts J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry conducting a raid. The Confederate horsemen are shown shooting Union soldiers, removing an American flag, and harassing the owner of an alehouse. J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry on a raid; much chaos as the mounted Confederates shoot Union soldiers, tear down the Union flag and harass a ""Hezekiah Skinflint"" who runs an alehouse.

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  Gen'l Stuart's Return from Pennsylvania (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  The etching depicts General J.E.B. Stuart's cavalrymen and horses resting. In October 1862, this cavalry division conducted raiding stops in Pennsylvania, which resulted in the cavalry confiscating horses and hats, as depicted in the image.

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  Index to Confederate War Etchings

  Adalbert John Volck

  The index lists the titles of all 29 etchings appearing in the Confederate War Etchings illustrative series.

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  Jamison's Jayhawkers (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  In the image Charles ""Doc"" Jennison, the leader of the 7th Kansas Volunteer Cavalry, (i.e., Jennison's Jayhawkers) is shown leading a raid on a Confederate sympathizer's home. Men are shown burning structures, stealing animals, shooting inhabitants. Jennison is shown riding a horse with a bare-breasted woman slung across his saddle. The image is meant to showcase the brutality of the Union Jayhawkers.

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  Making Clothes for the Boys in the Army (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  The etching depicts a domestic, patriotic scene where three Southern women make clothing in a small bedroom. It is intended to show the sacrifice women made on behalf of the war effort. One woman creates thread from raw material. Another weaves the thread into cloth. The third woman sews the material into garments to be worn by Confederate soldiers.

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  Marylanders Crossing to Potomac to Join the Southern Army (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  Maryland, Volck's adopted state, was a border state during the American Civil War. The Potomac River served as a physical barrier between the Union and Confederacy, which is depicted in the etching.

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  Offering of Bells to be Cast into Cannon (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  The print shows pastors offering their church bells to be melted and used as raw materials for war weapons. A slave is shown in the foreground unloading a bell at the feet of a Confederate officer. Appearing in the lower left corner of the image are two sets of initials, EBM and AJV, the latter belonging to Volck. This is one of the only etchings showcasing Volck's initials.

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  Passage through Baltimore (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  In the print, Volck criticizes Abraham Lincoln for making the trip to his 1861 inauguration in secret. At the time, there were rumors of an assassination plot brewing in Baltimore, and Lincoln was encourage to travel in secret at night, advice that Lincoln reluctantly took and later regretted.

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  Prayer in Stonewall Jackson's Camp (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  The etching depicts Stonewall Jackson delivering a sermon in a Confederate army camp. A group of Confederate servicemen, including an African-American man, kneel in prayer around him. According to the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History, Volck created the etching from his sketch of this event at Ball's Bluff in Virginia.

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  Return of a Raiding Party from Pennsylvania (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  In the etching, the results of a Confederate cavalry raid are shown. The raid was apparently successful because soldiers are shown leading several heads of livestock, including cattle and pigs. A wagon train is also shown in the background.

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  Searching for Arms (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  The image depicts Union soldiers searching a bedroom for Confederate weapons. A woman and child stand to the side of a room as two soldiers look beneath a bed mattress. Two other soldiers stand in the background, fending off a man in nightclothes. A fifth soldier stands in the middle of the room looking at the woman and child. He is holding a Union flag in his proper left hand and pointing at it with his proper right hand.

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  Slaves Concealing Their Master from a Search Party (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  The etching shows the inside of a slave quarter where a female slave stands at a door in front of a group of Union soldiers. The woman points to the right to lead the soldiers in the opposite of the slave master, who is hiding in the room behind a door. A gun is in his hands. A dog is also shown in the doorway. A chair lays overturned in the center of the room. A man and child sit in front of a fireplace. The man prepares food, while the child clings to him in apparent distress.

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  Smuggling Medicines into the South (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  The image depicts a group of four men (civilian and military) unloading medical supplies from a small boat. A fifth man, dressed in gentlemanly attire, is shown climbing down from a tree perch. Volck, who was a Confederate sympathizer, actively took part in similar efforts to smuggle medical supplies across the Potomac River.

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  Stone Blockade of Charleston, S.C. (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  Volck's etching depicts the route leading to Charleston Harbor. In the image, several sunken ships are shown.

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  Tracks of the Armies (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  The image shows a Confederate soldier returning to his destroyed home. His lifeless wife is shown naked along with a deceased dog. While not explicit, it is implied that Union soldiers carried out the destruction.

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  Vicksburg Canal (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  The etching depicts a scene where Confederate watch from a distance as Union troops construct a canal near Vicksburg in 1862-1863

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  Worship of the North (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  In the etching, Volck criticizes the Union cause by depicting several key people gathered around an altar performing a ritual, literally built upon Negro Worship, Free Love, Witchburning, Socialism, Atheism, Rationalism, and Puritanism. Well-known individuals depicted include a devil-like Abraham Lincoln, Henry Ward Beecher, Horace Greely, and Charles Sumner. A crowd of Union sympathizers look on at the ritual. A group of representatives from the Holy Cause of the Contractors stand in the far distance of the image, representing the Confederacy's belief that the North was profiting off of the war on the South.

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  Writing the Emancipation Proclamation (from Confederate War Etchings)

  Adalbert John Volck

  The etching depicts Abraham Lincoln drafting the Emancipation Proclamation and appears to be in cohorts with the devil. The proclamation, which was signed on January 1, 1863, freed all slaves in Confederate states. Also depicted is a portrait of John Brown, a radical abolitionist, hanging on Lincoln's wall.

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  Abraham Lincoln

  Douglas Volk, New York Graphic Society, and Mellon Collection at the National Gallery of Art

  Color reproduction of painted right side bust portrait of Abraham Lincoln by Douglas Volk.

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  24 Rare Lincoln Commemorative Prints

  Phillip H. Wagner and Lloyd Ostendorf

  A set of twenty-four Lloyd Ostendorf prints featuring artwork depicting the life of Abraham Lincoln. The prints are enclosed in an illustrated envelope that bears the signature of Lloyd Ostendorf.